2 minute read

Motor Performance

Figure Legend



Figure 2 concerns the principles of kinematic and submovement parsing, illustrating young and older adult position, velocity, and acceleration profiles. Each of the six panels covers specific profiles: A) Young adults' positional data; B) Young adults' velocity profile, including acceleration and deceleration phases/times; C) Young adults' acceleration profiles, including primary and secondary submovement parsing; D) Older adults' positional data; E) Older adults' velocity profile, including acceleration and deceleration phases/times; F) Older adults' acceleration profiles, including primary and secondary submovement parsing. This illustration was adapted from: Ketcham, C. J.; Seidler, R. D.; Van Gemmert, A. W. A.; and Stelmach, G. E. (in Press) "Age Related Kinematic Differences as Influenced by Task Difficulty, Target-Size, and Movement Amplitude." Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences.



CAROLINE J. KETCHAM GEORGE E. STELMACH

BIBLIOGRAPHY

BELLGROVE, M. A.; PHILLIPS, J. G.; BRADSHAW, J. L.; and GALLUCI, R. M. "Response (Re)programming in Aging: A Kinematic Analysis." Journal of Gerontology 53A, no. 3 (1998): M222–M227.

BROWN, S. H. "Control of Simple Arm Movements in the Elderly." In Changes in Sensory Motor Behavior in Aging, 114. Edited by A. M. Fernandez and N. Teasdale. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science BV, 1996.

BRUCE, S. A.; NEWTON, D.; and WOLEDGE, R. C. "Effect of Age on Voluntary Force and Cross-Sectional Area of Human Adductor Pollicis Muscle." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 74 (1989): 359–362.

COLE, K. J.; ROTELLA, D. L.; and HARPER, J. G. "Mechanisms for Age-Related Changes of Fingertip Forces During Precision Gripping and Lifting in Adults." The Journal of Neuroscience 19, no. 8 (1999): 3238–3247.

COOKE, J. D.; BROWN, S. H.; and CUNNINGHAM, D. A. "Kinematics of Arm Movements in Elderly Humans." Neurobiology of Aging 10 (1989): 159–165.

DARLING, W. G.; COOKE, J. D.; and BROWN, S. H. "Control of Simple Arm Movements in Elderly Humans." Neurobiology of Aging 10 (1989): 149–157.

ERIM, Z.; BEG, M. F.; BURKE, D. T.; and DE LUCA, C. J. "Effects of Aging on Motor-Unit Control Properties." Journal of Neurophysiology 82 (1999): 2081–2091.

FITTS, P. M. "The Information Capacity of the Human Motor System in Controlling the Amplitude of Movement." Journal of Experimental Psychology 47 (1954): 381–391.

KETCHAM, C. J.; SEIDLER, R. D.; VAN GEMMERT, A. W. A.; and STELMACH, G. E. (in Press) "Age Related Kinematic Differences as Influenced by Task Difficulty, Target-Size, and Movement Amplitude." Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences.

MEYER, D. E.; ABRAMS, R. A.; KORNBLUM, S.; WRIGHT, C. E.; and SMITH, J. E. K. "Optimality in Human Motor Performance: Ideal Control of Rapid Aimed Movements." Psychological Review 95 (1988): 340–370.

PRATT, J.; CHASTEEN, A. L.; and ABRAMS, R. A. "Rapid Aimed Limb Movements: Age Differences and Practice Effects in Component Submovements." Psychology and Aging 9, no. 2 (1994): 325–334.

SEIDLER-DOBRIN, R. D., and STELMACH, G. E. "Persistence in Visual Feedback Control by the Elderly." Experimental Brain Research 119 (1998): 467–474.

SEIDLER-DOBRIN, R. D.; HE, J.; and STELMACH, G. E. "Coactivation to Reduce Variability in the Elderly." Motor Control 2 (1998): 314–330.

WALKER, N.; PHILBIN, D. A.; and FISK, A. D. "Age-Related Differences in Movement Control: Adjusting Submovement Structure to Optimize Performance." Journal of Gerontology 52B, no. 1 (1997): P40–P52.

WELFORD, A. T. "Between Bodily Changes and Performance: Some Possible Reasons for Slowing with Age." Experimental Aging Research 10, no. 2 (1984): 73–88.

Additional topics

Medicine EncyclopediaAging Healthy - Part 3Motor Performance - Movement Time, Kinematic Analysis, Movement Subparsing, Force Production, Movement Variability And Coordination, Visual Monitoring